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This publication is not supposed to replace veterinarian care, but to allow early recognition of health problems and to provide information for veterinarians

Unwellbeing or disease in Loris can sometimes be recognized by behaviour as shown in the figures in this database. But the animals have a tendency to develop regular daily habits and to maintain them even in cases of disease; therefore, reduced food consumption may be the only sign of psychic or health problems. Increasing weakness may be concealed, only becoming apparent by unusually "comfortable", energy-saving postures during sleeping period, until the animal suddenly collapses and dies within short time.

See also: Streicher 2004: dissertation on Nycticebus pygmaeus: Download: PDF file, ca. 5.7 MB, with a review of diseases diagnosed in confiscated N. pygmaeus in the Endangered Primate Rescue Centre, Vietnam.
 

Table of contents	Health chapter of the husbandry manual for Asian lorisines
Text (HTML), Tables (PDF, file sizes averaging at 100 KB)	Figures
1) Introduction: typical problems in the Loridae
Typical health problems observed in lorises or pottos: text review		.
Problems caused by environmental stress; general susceptibility to stress	Figure: Behaviour indicating environmental stress	.
Problems caused by social stress	Figure: Behaviour indicating social stress	.
"Wasting disease": loss of weight in captive animals (in preparation)		.
Trichobezoar problems (in preparation)	Figure: Trichobezoar problems	.
Abnormal behaviour		.
2) First aid
First aid for lorises and pottos, first care for confiscated animals		.
3) Some recommendations for care and treatment
General recommendations (in preparation)		.
Preventive measures, examinations		.
Handling, protection of humans (toxin, disease transmission)		.
Experience with medicine, treatment (in preparation)	Figure: correct placement of injections, transponders (in preparation)	.
Anesthesia, tranquilizers : some general information; Experience with anesthesia in N. pygmaeus at the Endangered Primate Rescue Center, by U. Streicher		..
Ageing, needs of old animals		.
Quarantain		.
4) Judgement of health, diagnosis of problems:     internal and external changes, symptoms, lesions
General judgement of health and nutritional state (in preparation)	Figure: Dehydration, emaciation in N. pygmaeus	.
	Figure: Judgement of the nutritional state in Loris	.
Table 1: Behavioural signs of health problems	Figure: Judgement of behaviour: facial expressions	.
	Figure: Behaviour evaluated as a sign of wellbeing	.
	Figure: Behavioural signs of weakness or unwellbeing	.
Table 2: Externally visible changes (hair, skin, body weight)	Figure: Changes of fur or skin indicating health problems	.
Table 3: Traces found in the cage	Figure: Signs of problems found in the cage	.
Table 4: Postmortem examinations; organ lesions diagnosed		.
5) Review of diseases
Table 5: Non-infectious, environmental health problems		.
Table 6: bacterial infections		.
Table 7: mycoses		.
Table 8: viral infections		.
Table 9: protozoan infections	Figure: protozoan parasites (in preparation)	.
Table 10: verminous parasites	Figure: verminous parasites	.
Table 11: arthropod endoparasites	Figure: arthropod endoparasites	.
Table 12: arthropod ektoparasites	Figure: arthropod ektoparasites (in preparation)	.
6) Blood values, blood pressure, body temperature, other
Methods for taking blood samples		.
Table 13: Diagnoses concerning blood and body fluids (except urine)		.
Table 14 a: Body temperature and other values		.
Table 14 b: Blood values		.
Intestinal flora (in preparation)		.
7) Anatomy
	Figure: Intestine	.
	Figure: Blood vessels	.
	Figure: Muscles (in preparation)	.
	Figure: Skeleton	.
	Figure: Visible skin glands	.
8) References
References in the order of numbers mentioned in the tables		.
References alphabetically		.

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Conservation database for lorises (Loris, Nycticebus) and pottos (Arctocebus, Perodicticus), prosimian primates

Last amendment: 12 September 2005